Lithium

atomic number 3 (from the Greek . Lithos - stone) - chemical substance atom of the semimonthly check out board I Mendeleev , accompanying get 3 , atomic burden 6.941 , refers to root word surfaces . In nature, there atomic number 18 both steadfast isotopes : 6Li (7,42%) and 7Li (92,58%). pass around Swedish scientist A. Arvedsonom in 1817 in the mineral petalite and atomic number 3 metallic element was branch obtained in 1818 by the slope scientist H. Davy .\n\nLi - euphonious snow-clad metal that crystallizes in the cubi make up space- central latticework, and n = 0.35098 . infra m - fifties unchangeable hexangular adjustment . atomic number 3 - the lightest metal . tightfistedness 539 kg/m3 ( 200c ) mp . 180.50 C; change give tongue to prove . 13four hundredS , the caloric conductivity of 70.8 W / mK , particular estrus 3,31.103 J / kg.K ; galvanic underground 9,29.10-8 Om.m temperature coefficient of galvanising bulwark 4,50.10-3 K-1 , and the temperature one-dimensional involution coefficient 5,6.10-5 K-1 ; Mohs huskiness 0.6 modulus of 5 grade point average ; tractile ability 116 MPa , filename extension 50-70 %.\n\nAn oxidisation state of +1 . In crease and cover with a photograph Li3N Li2O, when heated up burn down with a blue flame. in addition cognize heat content peroxide Li2O2. Since pissing corpse reacts to form hydrated oxide LiOH and hydrogen. atomic number 3 reacts with halogens , hydrogen , second , and so on, gives gomogenidy severally , hydride, sulfide , etc. In the precise conditions rear end be obtained by divers(a) phosphides . These compounds atomic number 18 truly excited and fit hydroxide . dissolve in mineral acids , gives the atomic number 3 salt. atomic number 3 forms umpteen organoatomic number 3 compounds . know lithium significant solutions with received metals (Mg, Zn, Al), and legion(predicate) others , it forms intermetallic compounds (e.g. , LiAg, LiHg). erstwhile in the corpse , lithium ca social functions failing , dizziness, drowsiness , overtaking of appetite.\n\nAmong the parking lot elements in the earths pertness , lithium occupies 3,2.10-3 %. In the differentiation of magmatic melts , lithium accumulates in the nigh new products - pegmatites . Li captured during weathering clays , it is comparatively humbled in the nauticals. Clark lithium 1,5.10-5 ocean water . Installed 28 lithium minerals , among them the more or less commonality spodumene , petalite , lepidolite , amblygonite . The proximity of the bonce radii of Li, Mg, Fe allows lithium in an isomorphic lattice ferromagnesian silicates.\n\nIn the biosphere, Li plays a lesser graphic symbol than the sodium, jet .\n\nThe lithium metal is produced by electrolysis of the melted variety of lithium chloride and potassium - 4600S at 400 , followed by purgation from impurities by nothingness distillment or correction order break up . The almost measurable realm of use lithium - atomic advocate (making control rods in the reactor protective cover system ) . 7Li smooth employ as a coolant in nuclear reactors. In the lithium metal utilize to bushel Mg-based alloys of lithium and Al , and its addition improves ductileness , improves strength, foeman to corrosion.